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Terrain Analysis in QGIS

Terrain Analysis is the interpretation of topographic features through Geographic Information Systems (GIS).

Such features include Slope, Aspect, Viewshed, Elevation, Contour lines, flow, up-slope flow lines, and down-slope flow lines. It is relationships between ecological processes and physical features.

Terrain is a involves the vertical and horizontal dimensions of land surface. Terrain data are often used as a component in complex GIS modeling or classification routines. They can, for example, be a key to identifying wildlife habitats that are associated with specific elevations. Slope and aspect images are often an important factor in assessing the suitability of a site for a proposed use. Terrain data can also be used for vegetation classification based on species that are terrain-sensitive.

In this Tutorial, use Terrain Analysis tools to find out more information about the surface.

First Add the Data (DEM). click Raster, go to your folder, select data and click OK.

add data

Go to Raster > Terrain Analysis and select the Terrain model.

terrain analysis

Slope

Open Slope, Slope window is appears, select Elevation layer and Output layer, Output format default GeoTIFF is OK, Type Z factor (300) and click OK.

(Z factor- Difference between Horizontal and Vertical Height).

perform slope
slopeterrain analysis

Now you can change slope properties or customize the slope. Right click slope layer and select properties.

slope properties

Aspect

Open Aspect, Aspect window is appears, select Elevation layer and Output layer, Output format default GeoTIFF is OK, Type Z factor (300) and click OK.

perform aspect
aspect terrain analysis

Hillshade

Open Hillshade, Hillshade window is appears, select Elevation layer and Output layer, Output format default GeoTIFF is OK, Type Z factor (300). you’ll also change Azimuth and Angle and click OK.

perform hillshade
hillshade terrain analysis

Relief

Open Relief, Relief window is appears, select Elevation layer and Output layer, Output format default GeoTIFF is OK, Type Z factor (300) and click OK.

perform relief
relief terrain analysis

Ruggedness Index

Open Ruggedness, Ruggedness window is appears, select Elevation layer and Output layer, Output format default GeoTIFF is OK, Type Z factor (300) and click OK.

perform ruggedness
ruggedness terrain analysis

Contour

Perform Contour, select Raster > Extraction and click contour. Open Contour, Contour window is appears, Select Input file and Output file, Input contour interval (100) and click OK.

extraction-contour
contour
contour terrain analysis

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